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Objective: To explore the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) in nasal polyps (NPs) tissues and the potential role on apoptosis of primary human nasal epithelial cells (pHNECs) in NPs. Methods: The expression level of RUNX1 in NPs tissues was determined by Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemical staining (IHC). In vitro, TNF-α (20 ng/ml) was used to stimulate pHNECs to establish the apoptosis injury model. Hoechst staining was performed to observe pHNECs apoptosis by kit. Subsequently, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and WB were utilized to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), BCL2-associated X (BAX) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3) to assess the level of apoptosis. The plasmid of sh-RUNX1-6 was transfected into the pHNECs apoptosis model, then the effect of RUNX1 silence on apoptosis was evaluated by WB and flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS 19.0 and GraphPad Prism5 software. Results: The expression of RUNX1 in NPs tissue was significantly higher than that in inferior turbinates, and the difference was statistically significant (0.274±0.042 vs 0.110±0.027, t=9.675, P<0.05). Compared with the inferior turbinates, BAX and Caspase-3 expressions were increased whereas BCL-2 was decreased in NPs, and the differences were statistically significant (BAX 0.346±0.032 vs 0.302±0.037, Caspase-3 0.228±0.061 vs 0.158±0.065, BCL-2 0.090±0.047 vs 0.276±0.057, t value was 2.680, 2.361 and 7.575, respectively, all P<0.05). The expression levels of RUNX1 and apoptosis in pHNECs increased in a time-dependent manner after TNF-α exposure (P<0.05). Plasmid of sh-RUNX1-6 transfected silenced the expression of RUNX1 in pHNECs treated by TNF-α. After silencing RUNX1 in pHNECs apoptosis model, the protein levels of BAX and Caspase-3 were decreased, while the expression of BCL-2 was increased, the rate of apoptosis was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions: RUNX1 is increased in NPs. Silencing RUNX1 can inhibit the apoptosis and reduce cell inflammatory damage of pHNECs induced by TNF-α.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics , Epithelial Cells , Nasal Polyps , TurbinatesABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate whether there is inflammatory reaction and cell pyroptosis in impaired glucose tolerance （IGT） rats induced by high-fat diet and the intervention effect of Huanglian Wendantang. Method:Healthy male SD rats were fed with 45% fat content diet for 20 weeks to replicate the IGT model. The rats in line with the model establish criteria were randomly divided into 3 groups， with 10 rats in each group， another 10 rats were selected as the blank control group. Huanglian Wendantang group was given 7.8 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>·d<sup>-1</sup> compound decoction of Huanglian Wendantang， and the positive control group was given 0.05 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>·d<sup>-1</sup> aqueous solution of metformin hydrochloride， with the dose volume of 10 mL·kg<sup>-1</sup>·d<sup>-1</sup>. The blank group and the model group were given the same volume of distilled water. After continuous intragastric administration for 4 weeks， the body weight， body length and abdominal circumferences were measured， the Lee's obesity index was calculated， and the levels of fasting plasma glucose （FPG） and 2-hour plasma glucose （2 h PG） were detected in each group. Serum interleukin-6 （IL-6） content was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear factor kappa B （NF-<italic>κ</italic>B）， cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 （Caspase-1） and NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） in liver tissues were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of Caspase-1 and NLRP3 in rat liver. Hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the morphology of liver tissue. Result:Compared with blank group， the body weight， abdominal circumference， body length and Lee's index in model group were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， the levels of FPG and 2 h PG were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， serum IL-6 content and NF-<italic>κ</italic>B， Caspase-1 and NLRP3 gene and protein expressions in liver tissue were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， immunofluorescence technique showed that Caspase-1 and NLRP3 expressions increased obviously in IGT rat model’s liver tissues， and inflammatory cells infiltration was observed obviously in HE stained rat liver tissue model. Compared with model group， Huanglian Wendantang and metformin hydrochloride groups could effectively reduce the body weight of IGT rats （<italic>P</italic><0.01） and abdominal obesity， and correct the levels of FPG and 2 h PG （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while effectively reducing serum IL-6 content and gene and protein expressions of NF-<italic>κ</italic>B， Caspase-1 and NLRP3 in liver tissues of IGT rats， and alleviating inflammatory cell infiltration. Conclusion:Inflammatory response exists in IGT model rats induced by high-fat diet. Huanglian Wendantang can obviously reduce its inflammatory response and alleviate liver cell pyroptosis.
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Objective:To explore the differences in plasticity mechanism of cortical structure between hemispheres during rehabilitation for stroke patients at subacute stage. Methods:From October 20, 2018 to February 1, 2020, 22 patients with first-onset subcortical ischemic stroke completed the assessments of MRI and clinical evaluation at admission, and after one and two months of rehabilitation. Cortical surface area, thickness, and volume were measured to evaluate cortical structure plasticity. Two-way repeated measures analyses of variance were implemented to estimate dynamic cortical morphology changes and differences between hemispheres. Results:A significant time effect occurred between admission and after one month of rehabilitation for both hemispheres. Cortical surface area, thickness and volume for most regions in both hemispheres gradually decreased, while parahippocampal gyrus thickness and volume increased. The surface area and volume of postcentral gyrus was significant between both hemispheres (F > 4.305, P < 0.05), in which ipsilesional hemisphere was lower than contralesional hemisphere. The reduction of the thickness (r = -0.474, P = 0.026) and volume (r = -0.432, P = 0.044) of postcentral gyrus in ipsilesional hemisphere was negatively correlated with the recovery rate of motor function. Conclusion:There are differences in cortical structure plasticity during stroke rehabilitation between hemispheres. Cortical morphology markedly changes in the first two months poststroke. The greater the reduction in thickness and volume of postcentral gyrus in ipsilesional hemisphere is, the worse the recovery of motor function may be.
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It was to introduce professor 's experience in the treatment of oculomotor nerve palsy with acupuncture based on the interactions of twelve muscle regions and opposing needling theory. In the treatment, the TCM syndrome differentiation is taken as the general principle, the theory of the interactions of twelve muscle regions and opposing needling as the specific feature. The contrary needling is used at Hanyan (GB 4) and Juliao (ST 3) on the healthy side. The meridian-collateral and the exterior-interior differentiations are adopted to identify the syndromes. At the early stage of the disease, the treating principle focuses on expelling wind, eliminating cold and promoting the circulations of meridians and collaterals. The shallow needling, less acupoints and gentle stimulation are required. At the middle and late stage, the treating principle concentrates on strengthening the antipathogenic and harmonizing and blood. The deep needling, the multiple acupoints and the strong stimulation are applied. Additionally, the four-needling technique at Fengchi (GB 20), the multiple shallow needling at the eyelid margin, the opposing needling and the quantity of needling sensation are used in combination, which were developed by professor . With those comprehensivemethods, the symptoms of oculomotor nerve palsy are relieved and the significant clinical therapeutic effects achieved.
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Objective:To investigate effect of single open-door laminoplasty with mini titanium plate implantation for neurological function of patient with cervical spondylosis, and analyze the correlation-ship between the parameters of clinical effects and parameters of vertical plane of cervical vertebra.Methods: 90 patients with ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of cervical vertebra or multi-segment cervical spondylosis were enrolled in the research. All of them were implemented the treatment of single open-door laminoplasty with mini titanium plate implantation, and they were followed up for more than 6 months. The iconography parameters and clinical effect parameters of patients among pre-operation, post-operation and last follow up were compared and analyzed.Results: The C2~C7 axial distance of vertical plane, visual test analogue scores of neck and JOA scores of 90 patients at the last follow-up were significant higher than that of preoperative results(t=-2.371,t=3.914,t=22.345,P<0.05), respectively, and the dysfunction index of cervical vertebra of the last follow up were significant lesser than that of pre-operation (t=6.323,P<0.05). There were no correlations-ship between the clinical effect parameters and vertical plane parameters of cervical vertebra of 90 patients.Conclusion: The single open-door laminoplasty with mini titanium plate implantation can significantly improve the neurological function of patients with cervical spondylosis, and there is no significant correlation-ship between clinical effect parameter and sagittal view parameter.
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Objective To explore the diagnostic value of qualitative and quantitative analysis for wrist and hand changes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients based on 3.0T MR images.Methods A total of 39 RA patients were enrolled and divided into 2 groups according to the course of the diseases,including 20 cases defined as early stage group (≤24 months) and 19 cases defined as middle-late stage group (＞24 months).MRI features such as joint synovitis,bone marrow edema,bone erosion,the tenosynovitis in wrists and hands were observed emphatically.Volumes of synovitis and bone marrow edema for all patients were quantified with the software developed by Kunming University of Science and Technology.Results Among the 78 sides of hands and wrists in 39 patients,the incidence rate of synovitis,bone marrow edema,bone erosion,tenosynovitis was 94.87％ (37/39),64.10％ (25/39),61.54％ (24/39) and 76.92％ (30/39),respectively.The highest incidence rate of synovitis,bone marrow edema and bone erosion was respectively found in the wrist (72/78,92.31 ％),carpus (48/78,61.54 ％) andtriangular bone (50/78,64.1 ％).There was no statistical significance difference of the occurrence of peritendinitis between the flexor tendons (74.36％ [58/78]) and extensor tendons (61.54％ [48/78];x2 =2.94,P=0.09).No statistical difference of the incidence rates of synovitis,bone marrow edema,bone erosion and tenosynovitis was found between the early stage group and middle-late stage group (all P＞0.05).There was no significant difference of synovitis and bone marrow edema volumes between the early stage group and the middle-late stage group (both P＞0.05) with MRI quantitative analysis.Conclusion 3.0T MRI can clearly demonstrate the pathological changes of the wrists and hands in RA patients.The quantitative analysis software can provide more accurate indicators for the assessment of disease severity.
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Objective To analyze the quality of life status and its influencing factors of drug addicts with methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Wenzhou, in order to provide a basis for developing health service measures to improve their quality of life. Methods A total of 199 drug addicts with MMT in Wenzhou were investigated by the Quality of Life for Drug Addicts (QOL-DA) and Self-made questionnaire, influencing factors on quality of life were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results Most of 199 drug addicts with MMT were male, middle aged, local residents, lower educational level, and unemployed. Most of them used traditional drugs such as heroin by intravenous injection, and the proportion of who continually used drugs more than 10 years was 78.39%. The majority of them had abandoned drug habits many times. The proportions of abandoning drug habits more than 12 months this time and self-reported involving drug abuse related diseases were 77.39%, 61.81%, respectively. Scores of physical function and hunger sensory (PH), psychological spirit and self-esteem (PS), withdrawal syndrome and toxic effects (ST), social support and operational capability (SO) were 32.96±6.75, 33.03±5.96, 47.61±8.51 and 38.42±6.86, respectively. The total score of QOL-DA was 152.01±23.55. Marital status, occupation, age of first using drug, time of drug use and drug abuse related diseases were its influencing factors. Conclusion The quality of life of drug addicts with MMT is lower. Comprehensive health service measures for influencing factors should be taken to improve their quality of life.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of acupuncture combined with medication on circadian rhythm of blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-four patients of essential hypertension were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 32 cases in each group. All the patients maintained original treatment (taking antihypertensive medication); the patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture method of ",", once a day, five times per week, for totally 6 weeks (30 times). The circadian rhythm of blood pressure and related dynamic parameters were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The differences of daytime average systolic blood pressure (dASBP), daytime average diastolic blood pressure (dADBP), nighttime average systolic blood pressure (nASBP) and circadian rhythm of systolic blood pressure before and after treatment were significant in the observation group (all<0.05); the differences of circadian rhythm of blood pressure and related dynamic parameters before and after treatment were insignificant in the control group (all>0.05). The nASBP and circadian rhythm of systolic blood pressure in the observation group were significantly different from those in the control group (all<0.05). (2) After the treatment, the spoon-shaped rate of circadian rhythm of blood pressure in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The acupuncture combined with medication could effectively improve the circadian rhythm of blood pressure and related dynamic parameters in patients with essential hypertension.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Chinese medicine (CM) on survival of patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer (CRC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 295 patients who received chemotherapy were assigned to Group 1. The other 171 patients received the same chemotherapy treatment combined with the usage of CM Jianpi Jiedu Formula (, JPJD) for more than 3 months (Group 2). Patients' survival time, relapse and metastasis, and cause of death were observed. Cox proportional hazard regression models were established for the analysis of the effect of independent factors on the survival prognosis of patients with CRC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rate of patients in Group 2 was higher than that of Group 1 (P<0.05). Compared with Group 1, the mean survival time was prolonged by 5.594 months and the median survival time was prolonged by 6 months in Group 2 (P=0.004). Cox regression analysis indicated that CM combined with chemotherapy provided signifificant protective effect, as observed with the improvements in the survival rates of CRC patients (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CM can improve the survival rate in patients with stage II and III CRC.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate PHEX gene mutations in 2 patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) and their families and to clarify the genetic etiology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of two patients with XLH. High-throughput sequencing was used to detect the PHEX gene, a pathogenic gene of XLH. PCR-Sanger sequencing was used to verify the distribution of mutations in families.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both patients had novel mutations in the PHEX gene; one patient had a frameshift mutation, c.931dupC, which caused early termination of translation and produced the truncated protein p.Gln311Profs*13; the other patient had a splice site mutation, IVS14+1G>A, which caused the skipping of exon 15 and produced an incomplete amino acid chain. Their parents had normal gene phenotypes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>c.931dupC and IVS14+1G>A are two novel mutations of the PHEX gene and might be the new pathogenic mutations of XLH.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets , Genetics , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing , Mutation , PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase , Genetics , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective To explore the diagnostic value of qualitative and quantitative analysis for wrist and hand changes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients based on 3.0T MR images.Methods A total of 39 RA patients were enrolled and divided into 2 groups according to the course of the diseases,including 20 cases defined as early stage group (≤24 months) and 19 cases defined as middle-late stage group (＞24 months).MRI features such as joint synovitis,bone marrow edema,bone erosion,the tenosynovitis in wrists and hands were observed emphatically.Volumes of synovitis and bone marrow edema for all patients were quantified with the software developed by Kunming University of Science and Technology.Results Among the 78 sides of hands and wrists in 39 patients,the incidence rate of synovitis,bone marrow edema,bone erosion,tenosynovitis was 94.87％ (37/39),64.10％ (25/39),61.54％ (24/39) and 76.92％ (30/39),respectively.The highest incidence rate of synovitis,bone marrow edema and bone erosion was respectively found in the wrist (72/78,92.31 ％),carpus (48/78,61.54 ％) andtriangular bone (50/78,64.1 ％).There was no statistical significance difference of the occurrence of peritendinitis between the flexor tendons (74.36％ [58/78]) and extensor tendons (61.54％ [48/78];x2 =2.94,P=0.09).No statistical difference of the incidence rates of synovitis,bone marrow edema,bone erosion and tenosynovitis was found between the early stage group and middle-late stage group (all P＞0.05).There was no significant difference of synovitis and bone marrow edema volumes between the early stage group and the middle-late stage group (both P＞0.05) with MRI quantitative analysis.Conclusion 3.0T MRI can clearly demonstrate the pathological changes of the wrists and hands in RA patients.The quantitative analysis software can provide more accurate indicators for the assessment of disease severity.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the anatomical characteristics and surgical selections of upper lumbar disc herniation, and evaluate its clinical effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2009 to January 2013, 26 patients with upper lumbar disc herniation were treated in our department. There were 16 males and 10 females, aged from 28 to 51 years old with an average of 45.7 years, 4 cases were in L₁,₂, 9 cases in L₂,₃, and 13 cases in L₃,₄. The data was collected including distance between outer edge of lower facet and the spinous process, the outer edge of the isthmus and spinous process, the lower edge of lamina and the upper edge of the intervertebral space, nerve root arising points and lower edge of the corresponding pedicle. Transforaminal discectomy and interbody fusion combined with pedicle screw fixation was performed in patients with L₁,₂, L₂,₃ herniated disk and 5 patients with L₃,₄ herniated disk complicated with lumbar instability. However another 8 patients with L₃,₄ herniated disk were treated with posterior fenestration decompression. Clinical effects were evaluated by Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA). The relative height rate(R) of the intervertebral space was measured preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. The fusion of the bone graft was also observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Intraoperative anatomical measurement was taken in all patients. All patients were followed up for more than 1 year with an average of 16 months, and all incisions got healing, JOA was improved from preoperative(10.13±1.49) points to last follow up (25.21±2.13) points with the improvement rate of 79.9%. Among the patients underwent fusion operation, 17 cases obtained bone fusion and 1 case maybe non fusion and no internal fixation failure was found;the R value was (0.231±0.056) mm preoperatively, however (0.345±0.076) mm at 1 year after operation with statistical difference(<0.05). In the patient underwent posterior fenestration decompression, the R value was(0.243±0.036) mm preoperatively, and (0.212±0.046) mm at 1 year after operation without statistical difference (>0.05). No spinal instability and lumbar disc herniation recurrence were found in these patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>According to the anatomical characteristics of L₁,₂ and L₃,₄ herniated disk, these patients could be treated with transforaminal discectomy and interbody fusion. The anatomical characteristics and clinical manifestations of L₃,₄ herniated disk is similar with the lower lumbar disc herniation, for the patients, an appropriate surgical method should be chosen according to the lumbar stability.</p>
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A HPLC method has been developed in the current investigation for simultaneous determination of three chemical markers of by akangelicin, imperatorin and isoimperatorin in Radix Angelicae Dahuricae. Separation was performed at 30 degrees C. on achromatographic column of Platisil ODS C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1) and the detection wavelength was 254 nm. The results showed that the three chemical markers could be well resolved and that in the selected linear range, all calibration curves of the three chemical markers showed good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.999 8). The recoveries of byakangelicin, imperatorin and isoimperatorin were 100.83%, 100.10% and 103.52%, respectively, and RSD were 1.7%, 0.77% and 0.41% (n = 6), respectively. The data suggested that the developed HPLC method had good reproducibility, robustness, and accuracy, which was suitable for the quality control of Radix Angelicae Dahuricae. Applications of this method showed that the three chemical markers had higher contents in the Bozhou Anhui and Changge Henan than others.
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Angelica , Chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Furocoumarins , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Quality ControlABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the culture temperature of recombinant CHO-DG44 cells expressing tumor necrosis factor receptor-Fc fusion protein and to determine the bioactivity of expressed protein at the best culture temperature. METHODS: Recombinant CHO cells were batchly cultured at three different temperatures (37°C, 37°C shifting to 31°C and 31°C). Samples were daily tested for cell densities, viabilities, glucose concentration, lactic acid concentration and TNFR-Fc fusion protein concentration, then the best culture temperature was chosen to scale up the fermentation volume (10, 50, 200 mL, and 2 L). TNFR-Fc fusion protein was purified with Protein A affinity chromatography, determined for relative molecular mass, purity and neutralizing activity by SDS-PAGE, SE-HPLC and WST-8 separately. RESULTS: The culture condition of 37°C shifting to 31°C resulted in the maximum viable cell density, high viability and long culture time of the cells as well as high TNFR-Fc protein productivity, and this culture procedure could be successfully applied to the scale-up of recombinant CHO cells. The purified fusion protein, with a relative molecular mass about 150 000, reached the purity of more than 93% and neutralized the cytotoxic effect of TNFα. CONCLUSION: Compared to the traditional culture temperature of 37°C, the culture temperature of 37°C shifting to 31°C can obviously improve the TNFR-Fc fusion protein output by recombinant CHO-DG44 cells. And this technique can be applied to scale-up, which will lay a foundation of large scale industrial production.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the protective mechanism of Fengshiqing Recipe (FR) against bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were divided into four groups in the experiment,i.e., the blank control group, the model group, the MTX group (MTX, 1 mg/1 000 g), and the FR group (24 g crude FR/kg). The CIA model was prepared except the blank control group. Medication was started in the MTX group and the FR group from the 14th day after modeling to the 56th day. The toe volume was measured on every Tuesday and Friday. Expression levels of serum IL-17, RANKL, MIP-1alpha were detected after 3-and 6-week intervention. The bone scintigraphy with nuclide (SPECT), bone mineral density (BMD), and the pathological section were observed to assess the intervention of drugs of heat clearing blood activating actions in the bone destruction of CIA rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From the 10th day of modeling, the volume of both toes started to swell and reached the peak at about 21 days. It was obviously shrunk at about 30 days. Of them, the swelling degree was milder in the MTX group and the FR group than in the model group. Compared with the model group at the same phase, the levels of IL-17 and RANKL decreased in the MTX group after 3 weeks of intervention (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The IL-17 level decreased in the FR group after three weeks of intervention (P < 0.05). The RANKL level decreased in the MTX group and the FR group after 6 weeks of intervention (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the model group and the MTX group, the overall BMD and ankle BMD increased in the FR group after 6 weeks of intervention (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The ankle ROI/mandible and the toe ROI/mandible were elevated in the FR group after 3 weeks of intervention (P < 0.05). Pathological results suggested that the joint lacunae was significantly widened, the hyperplasia of the synovial tissue was so severe, and the bone tissue was destroyed in the model group. Compared with the model group, the aforesaid conditions were significantly improved in the MTX group and the FR group. The cartilage structure was complete.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QR could inhibit decreased BMD, prevent bone destruction, which might be achieved by down-regulating expression levels of IL-17, RANKL, and MIP-1alpha through the osteo immunological Th/RANKL system,inhibiting maturation and differentiation of osteoclasts, thereby, inhibiting bone destruction.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Arthritis, Experimental , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Bone Density , Bone and Bones , Pathology , Chemokine CCL3 , Metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Interleukin-17 , Metabolism , RANK Ligand , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, researchers investigated the demographic and clinical characteristics of AIDS patients who died in hospitals, analyzed the specific causes of death, and looked for the correlation between specific cause of death and their clinical characteristics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data of clinical characteristics of patients and their specific causes AIDS of death who died in the seven hospitals from 2009 to 2010 were collected retrospectively. All the specific causes of death were classified according to the Cause of Death (CoDe) project protocol. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to find the association between some categorical variables and the risk for AIDS patients died from AIDS related illnesses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinical characteristics and the cause of death of the 381 deceased in seven hospitals in this study were collected. 82.4% were male, with priority as 30-45 years old. 123 (32.3%) death patients had received ART before death. In all death cases, the cause of death of 252 patients (66.1%) were due to AIDS related diseases, with opportunistic infections the most (92.4%). Tubercle bacillus, infection of Penicillium marneffei and Pneumocystis jiroveci were the three leading causes of opportunistic infection deaths. Of 129 patients who died of non-AIDS related disease, non-AIDS infection (29.5%), hepatitis (22.5%), and non-AIDS malignancy(10.1%)were the first three causes of death. The cause of death in patients who had injecting drug use behavior within one year, had not received ART or not long enough, with opportunistic infections, without hepatitis, with the last low CD4 cell counts before death etc. were tend to due to AIDS related disease.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Opportunistic infections, non-AIDS related infections and hepatitis were the three leading causes of death in this study. The duration of time on ART had impact on the patient's cause of death. The HIV infected patients who had received ART before death had more risk to die of non-AIDS related disease, compared to patients who had not. The longer time they had accessed to ART, the less likely they would die on non-AIDS related illnesses.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections , Epidemiology , Mortality , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Drug Therapy , Epidemiology , Mortality , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Cause of Death , China , Epidemiology , Inpatients , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the vinegar-processing technology of Corydalis Rhizoma under the modern alcohol extraction process conditions and to provide the basis for explaining the vinegar-processing significance of Corydalis Rhizoma. Methods: The contents of 10 alkaloids (allocryptopine, sea papaverine hydrochloride, berberine, palmatine, berberine, dehydrogenation corydaline, tetrahydropalmatine, corydaline, tetrahydro coptisine, and dehydrogenation sea papaverine) extracted from the viniger-processed Corydalis Rhizoma (VCR) and raw Corydalis Rhizoma (RCR) were analyzed, and the vasodilatation activity of intestinal absorption was compared. Results: Among the contents of 10 alkaloids in VCR and RCR, four of them increased while six of them decreased, and the vasodilatation activity of intestinal absorption of VCR was little higher than that of RCR, there was no obvious difference. Conclusion: In the view of the correlation between the content of the 10 compounds and the vasodilatation activity of VCR and RCR, there are not direct relationship.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>A reliable method for genotyping blood group antigens Dib, k, Jsb1910 and Jsb2019 was developed. Through screening for rare blood types, the National Rare Blood Bank of China may be enriched.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The controls for allele detection of blood groups Dib, k, Jsb1910 and Jsb2019 were prepared via polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated gene site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) technique. Sequence-specific primers were designed according to known single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites of alleles of blood groups antigens Dib, k, Jsb1910 and Jsb2019, a multiplex PCR system was developed by optimizing PCR reaction system. And 4190 random healthy donors samples were screened for the blood group antigens.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Using SDM technique, controls for alleles in blood group Dib, k, Jsb1910 and Jsb2019 were successfully generated. And a multiplex PCR system for genotyping above blood groups was developed. After verification, the system has performed with good stability and reproducibility. Two Di (b-) samples have been discovered from 4190 samples, no k- and Js(b-) sample was found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Multiplex PCR features rapid detection, high throughput and low cost, and can be used for screening for donors of rare blood types. Information of donors may be registered in a database, which in turn can help those with rare blood types or require long-term blood transfusion to obtain matched blood, thereby reduce the adverse reactions of blood transfusion.</p>
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Humans , Blood Group Antigens , Genetics , Erythrocytes , Allergy and Immunology , Genotyping Techniques , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Mutagenesis, Site-Directed , Polymorphism, Single NucleotideABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of mito chondrial K(ATP) channels (mitoK(ATP)) inhibitor 5-hydroxydecanoate(5-HD) on chronic hypoxic pulmonary artery hypertension (CHPAH) rats and its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight male SD rats were equally divided into 4 groups randomly (n=12): normal group, hypoxia group, hypoxia + 5-HD group, hypoxia + Diazoxide group. Except the first group, the other three groups were put into hypoxic [O2 (10.0% +/- 0.3%] and nonrmobaric chamber for four weeks to establish chronic hypoxic model and received different interference. When the interference completed, right heart catheter was used to detect the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) of each rat and PKC-alpha mRNA expression in pulmonary arteries was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and protein expression by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(mPAP was much higher in hypoxia group than that in normal group (P < 0.01) while in hypoxia + 5-HD group and hypoxia + diazoxide were decreased significantly compared to hypoxia group (P < 0.01). (2) The protein and mRNA levels of PKC-alpha in the hypoxic group were higher than those in normal group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>5-HD plays a protective role on CHPAH. The mechanism of its effect may be attributed to inhibiting MitoK(ATP).</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Decanoic Acids , Pharmacology , Hydroxy Acids , Pharmacology , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Metabolism , Hypoxia , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular , Metabolism , Potassium Channel Blockers , Pharmacology , Potassium Channels , Protein Kinase C-alpha , Genetics , Metabolism , Pulmonary Artery , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the expression of P-selectin (Ps), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in lung tissues of acute lung injury (ALI) rat model induced by oleic acid (OA) and to explore the protective effects of melatonin (MT) in lung tissues in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, OA group, MT + OA group and SB203580 + OA group. Rat model of ALI was established by intravenous injection of oleic acid (OA). Lung coefficient was measured, lung tissues were imbedded by paraffin to observe morphological changes and the expression of Ps, ICAM-1 and NF-kappaB in lung tissues by means of immunohistochemistry staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with control group, the lung coefficient increased significantly in OA group (P < 0.05). Alveolar septum thickened significantly in OA group, there had many infiltrated inflammatory cells and collapsed alveoli of lung; positive expression of Ps, ICAM-1 and NF-kappaB were very obvious (P < 0.05); the administration of MT and SB203580 mitigated above changes significantly (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MT possesses obviously protective effect on lung tissues during ALI, its protective mechanism might be related to the inhibition of the expression of Ps, ICAM-1 and NF-kappaB.</p>